Battle of Raichur

Battle of Raichur :fought by Sri Krishnadevaraya, King of Vijayanagar empire and Ahmed Shah, the king of Bijapur-Was a turning point in the history of south India. Raichur-Indian state of Karnataka. Many battles between the kings of Vijayanagar empire and the muslim kings ruling from Bijapur and Gulbarga. City is located besite the Krishna and Tungabhadra rivers, which provides fertile soil, and water First recorded use of canon, the fort, and matchlock firearms in India-Canons were mounted on ramparts of Raichur, but had not replaced stone throwing catapults. The fort was captured by Bahmanis in 1323Isma‘il ‘Adil Khanhad retreated- his army was forced to abandon 400 heavy cannon and 900 gun carriages. Krishnadevaraya concentrated his attack on the Eastern walls. Governor was killed- shot by a Portugese sniper with a matchbox rifle. – This surpressed the morale or the troops, and they abandoned the wall. When Raichur surrendered, Krishnadevaraya treated the garriso n with kindness and consideration. Krishnadevaraya then returned to Vijayanagar and held a great celebration. The Firishta account is less trustworthy- he wrote about it 90 years after the battle had occurred. ——————————————————————————————————————— The textile industry has always been present in India but with the arrival of the Dutch and English, this part time indistry became a full time industry, with full time textile workers. The Dutch and the English were great trade rivals. The Dutch East India company hold many extensive records regating to textile production, and shipping- as well as commercial agriculture records. The textile industry was present in medieval times, and it's trade, and importance have alw ays been underestimated by historians.Rice quickly became the most commercially traded crop. It was necessary in the feeind of Indias urban population- which was growing. In the early 1600s, cotton began to gain importance. With the importance of cotton, came the importance of indigo- a plant used as a dye. In the 1630's, bad weather, and years with bad storms severely depleted indigo crops. The prices sky-rocketed. These goods, and their trade created extensive trade markets. In 1802, the Dutch created a weaver village. In some cases, parts of India had more that 2 looms per house. Demographic downturns may have led to shift from textiles to commercial agriculture. ur

Taiwan Scholarship Program Guidelines

The Taiwan Scholarship Program Guidelines are duly enacted in accordance with Article 4 of the Taiwan Scholarship2.Types of Scholarships and benefits:Undergraduate Scholarships: These scholarships are for foreign students who want to pursue undergraduate studies at universities/colleges in Taiwan. A stipend of NT$25,000 per month per student will be provided. (2) Master’s Scholarships: Scholarships in the amount of NT$30,000 per month will be provided for qualified foreign students who want to pursue their master’s degrees at universities/colleges in Taiwan. (3) Ph.D. Scholarships: Scholarships in the amount of NT$30,000 per month will be provided for qualified foreign students who want to pursue their Ph.D. degrees at universities/colleges in Taiwan.The aforementioned scholarships will be under the supervision of the universities/colleges and stipends will be awarded monthly based on the students’ attendance records and academic performance. Tuition, accommodati on, insurance and miscellaneous fees are all included in the scholarships herein stated. For the scholarships, which are sponsored by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of China (ROC), each student will be provided with a stipend of NT$30,000 per month, plus an economy airfare for direct roundtrip flights. 3.Quotas and Scholarships Offered by Government Agencies:Taiwan scholarship quotas will be discussed and decided by the Taiwan Scholarship Management and Promotion Committee and are contingent upon the annual budget allotments. Taiwan Scholarships are funded by the Ministry of Education (MOE), the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA), the National Science Council of the Executive Yuan (NSC) and the Ministry of Economic Affairs (MOEA). Scholarships offered by the aforementioned agencies are as follows:(1) MOE: Undergraduate/Masters’s/ Ph.D. Scholarships; (2) MOFA: Undergraduate Scholarships; (3) NSC: Master’s/ Ph.D. Scholarships; and (4) MOEA: Masterâ€℠¢s/ Ph.D. Scholarships; limited to graduate degree programs and are related to science, engineering, agriculture, medicine and hi-tech  fields. Recipients, whose scholarships are sponsored by the MOE or MOFA, may attend Language Enrichment Programs (Hereinafter referred to as LEP) in University-affiliated Chinese Language Centers (Hereinafter referred to as language centers) in Taiwan up to one year, in order to improve their language proficiency, before beginning their degree programs.A stipend of NT$25,000 for MOE recipients, and NT$30,000 for MOFA recipients per month, per student will be provided. Those who apply for the Master’s and/or Ph.D. Scholarships from the NSC and MOEA can not apply for the Language Enrichment Program.4. Duration of Scholarships:(1) Undergraduate Scholarships: maximum four years; (2) Master’s Scholarships: maximum two years; and (3) Ph.D. Scholarships: maximum three years.The total and maximum number of years for foreign students to recei ve scholarships (including LEP) will be five years. In principle, scholarships will begin from August 1 of each year and continue until July 31, of the following year. Scholarship recipients who are approved for summer programs or LEP may be assigned different scholarship award dates. If the recipient fails to enroll before the semester starts, the scholarship will begin from the month he/she arrives in Taiwan to study. Scholarships will begin from the month of student enrollment and will stop when the scholarship ends, the recipient graduates, drops out, is expelled, or upon cancellation of the scholarship, whichever comes first. Scholarship applicants shall not accept more than one scholarship issued by ROC (Taiwan) governmental agencies and/or educational institutions at the same time.If the applicant was granted more than one scholarship, he/she shall select only one scholarship to receive; if an applicant is found to be receiving more than one scholarship at the same time, the applicant shall be disqualified and asked to return the scholarship money already received.5. Qualifications: Applicants must meet the following requirements: (1) They should have a good academic record and moral character; (2) They should neither be Overseas Chinese Students nor ROC nationals; (3) They should not be scholarship recipients from other ROC government agencies or institutions in Taiwan; (4) They should not be exchange students who are admitted in accordance with academic cooperation agreements made between local educational universities/  colleges and foreign educational institutions;(5) They should not have had their scholarships cancelled in accordance with these Guidelines; (6) They should not have received Taiwan Scholarships of the same type; (7) The total duration of their scholarship(s) should not exceed 5 years; (8) They should not be foreign students who have already enrolled at local educational institutions at their own expense. (However, they will be elig ible to apply to individual universities/colleges for Foreign Students’ Scholarships, which are subsidized by the MOE.)6. Application Process:(1) Procedure: The overseas missions of the ROC should refer to MOE Regulations Regarding International Students undertaking Studies in Taiwan and these Guidelines while receiving and reviewing applications either independently or in joint cooperation with foreign local governments, schools, or cultural and educational institutions. Each year, by the end of January, the overseas missions should report their selection and assessment methods (through meetings or paper review) regarding these scholarships to the related government agencies and the MOE. (2) Application Period: Annually from February 1st through the end of March.(3) Required Documents: Applicants need to submit the following documents: A. Taiwan Scholarship Application Form (Form A with Study Plan; the format will be regulated by the MOE); B. Proof of highest educational qua lifications and academic performance; C. Proof of application to enroll at local universities/colleges and/or language centers (e.g. a copy of the application form); and D. Other documents as requested by the overseas missions of the ROC.(4) Selection: After reviewing the application documents, the overseas missions will select eligible scholarship candidates, as well as alternatives and create a list. This list will be sent to the related universities/colleges or language centers by the end of April for their reference. Copies of this list will also be provided to the related government agencies and the MOE. (5) Approval: Applicants are responsible for their application process to the universities/colleges or language centers that they would like to attend. Each school and/or language center shall refer to the guidelines of individual schools admission process for foreign students and begin the application review process. The school and/or language center should notify candidates, of their final decision, no  later than mid-June.(6) Notification of Admission: Applicants, upon receiving their admission letter, need to submit a copy of the admission letter to the designated respective overseas missions in order to secure their scholarship by no later than the end of June. Late submission of these documents, after the deadline will be deemed as a waiver for accepting the scholarship. In this case, the respective overseas mission should send a scholarship award letter to all qualified recipients and inform the alternative(s) in order to fill any vacancy(s). Candidates will be disqualified if they fail to pass the application review process of respective schools.(7) Acceptance Lists: By the end of July, the overseas missions should provide recipient acceptance lists, which will include their legal names, Chinese names, nationalities, gender, scholarship sponsoring agencies, type of scholarship, duration of scholarship, admitting universities/colleges and/or lang uage centers, highest educational qualifications, references of the recipients and other information to the related government agencies (including the MOE) and universities/colleges and/or language centers involved.The overseas missions shall also provide such information to the Bureau of Consular Affairs of the MOFA and the National Police Agency of Ministry of Interior, in order to assist them with their follow-up procedures. In case of special conditions or failure to complete the aforementioned processes, before the required deadlines, the overseas missions should report such circumstances to the related government agencies for approval (and inform the MOE of such events). (8) For those recipients whose scholarships are funded by the MOFA, the respective ROC overseas missions will purchase one-way economy airfare tickets to Taiwan for the recipients.The overseas missions need to submit the original receipts and copies of passenger coupons to the MOFA in order to be reimbursed. T he return economy airfare tickets will be bought by the MOFA. 7. Renewal process for scholarship recipients in Taiwan before the expiration of scholarships and the application for enrollment: (1) Recipients who want to pursue further study programs need to follow the terms found in Subparagraph (2) and (3) of this Article. For other recipients in Taiwan, who wish to renew their scholarships (in August), they have to submit each year a Taiwan Scholarship Application Form (Form B; the format will be regulated by the MOE) and reports of their academic  performance to their universities/colleges by the end of February.The universities/colleges will review their applications to see if they are qualified and send the list to the related government agencies (including the MOE) for review in order to reserve the number of scholarship recipients and follow the Article 10 for allocation. (2) The MOE may assist recipients who have been approved for scholarships up to five years (the LEP and undergraduate degree programs) in applying to enroll undergraduate programs. If the said recipients are unable to apply to universities/colleges on their own, they may submit their reports of academic performance (including the academic records for each year of their highest study, including language center records) and the Admission Assistance Application Form (the format will be regulated by the MOE) to the language centers.These language centers will coordinate all forms and send them to the MOE. The MOE will assist in selecting the proper universities, according to the recipients’ wishes and levels of language proficiency. Applicants should agree to abide by all final arrangements. (3) Scholarship recipients, who wish to continue to study for their master or doctoral degrees, upon completion of their previous course of study, need to apply for the admission to the new degree program on their own. (4) Universities/colleges that accept these scholarship recipients, as state d in Subparagraph (2) and (3) of this Article, shall submit the lists to the related government agencies (including the MOE) by the end of June for review, in order to reserve the number of scholarship recipients and follow Article 10 for allocation.8. Application process for re-applying for Taiwan Scholarships after the scholarships expire: Scholarship recipients who have already studied in Taiwan will be regarded as new students after the expiration of their scholarships. If they wish to re-apply for other types of scholarship and pursue further degree programs here, they need to follow Article 6 of these Guidelines and submit the Taiwan Scholarship Application Form (Form A) and their academic records to the ROC overseas missions by the end of March. The total duration of their scholarship period cannot exceed five years, as regulated by Article 4 Paragraph 2 of the Guidelines. Undergraduate, Master’s and Doctoral Scholarships recipients whose scholarship period was awarded for only one year, in accordance to the previous version of these Guidelines, should renew their scholarships following Article 7 Subparagraph(1) of these Guidelines, and are not subject to the regulations stated in the previous Paragraph of this Article. 9. The Suspension and Cancellation of Scholarships:(1) LEP students: A. If a student is absent for more than ten hours of class (serious illness and accidents excluded) within a single month, the language centers will suspend his/her scholarship the following month. B. Starting from the second quarter of study in Taiwan, if a student’s academic average is less than 80%, his/her scholarships for the next quarter will be suspended for one month. If a student’s academic average is less than 80% for two consecutive quarters, his/her scholarship status will be cancelled beginning with the next quarter.The remainder of the scholarship will also be cancelled. C. If a student is suspended from or drops out of school, the lan guage center will suspend his/her scholarship and inform the related government agencies in writing (including the MOE) in order to cancel his/her scholarship status. The remaining scholarships will also be cancelled. (2) Undergraduate/ Master’s/ Ph.D. students:A. For those Undergraduate/ Master’s scholarships recipients who are in each year of their study; Ph.D. scholarships recipients who are in the first two years of their study, if their academic average is below the passing standard set up by the school for any given semester, their school will suspend their scholarships for one month beginning with the next semester. If the schools have not set up an academic grading standard, then an undergraduate student’s academic average cannot be less than 60%, while a master and doctoral student’s academic average cannot be less than 70%. If a student is below passing for two consecutive semesters, their scholarship status will be cancelled starting the next s emester. Their remaining scholarships will also be cancelled.For those who are in their third year of a doctoral program, they must submit their thesis proposals to their schools, by the end of October of that year. Scholarships will be granted each month, if the schools approve the students’ proposals. Otherwise, scholarships will be suspended until proposals are approved, and will resume beginning from the month of approval. C. If a student is suspended from or  drops out of school, his/her school will automatically suspend his/her scholarships and inform the related government agencies in writing (including the MOE) in order to cancel his/her scholarship status.The remaining scholarships will also be cancelled. 10. The Allocation and Verification of Scholarships Accounts: (1) Allocation: Universities/colleges need to make a list of scholarship recipients and vouchers based on the various types of scholarships provided by the different government agencies. Universities/ c olleges should enclose their list of qualified recipients and vouchers, and apply to the MOFA or the MOE (scholarship stipends provided by the NSC and the MOEA are handled through the MOE; it should be noted on each voucher that the MOE is in charge of the allocation of funds for scholarships) for appropriation in January and August. Each institution will directly pay a monthly stipend to the students or to their accounts.(2) Verification of Scholarship Financial Transactions or Reports: A. For scholarships provided by MOFA, universities/colleges need to provide student signed receipts, or documents which show that money has been transferred into the students’ bank accounts, to the MOFA for verification in August and December. B. For scholarships provided by the NSC and the MOEA, universities/colleges need to provide three copies of financial transaction reports (signed by the head of the universities/colleges, accountants and cashiers) and any remainder of the stipends to th e MOE (for it to make a transfer to the NSC and the MOEA at the end of fiscal year in order to close the case) in August and December.C. For scholarships provided by the MOE, universities/colleges need to provide two copies of financial transaction reports (signed by the head of the universities/colleges, accountants and cashiers) and any remainder of the stipends to the MOE in August and December. Universities/colleges need to also keep the original copies for the Ministry of Audit or other related authorities for review. 11. Emergency Deductions: In case of financial difficulties, a scholarship recipient may request that the school deduct tuition, miscellaneous expenses, insurance premiums and other payable fees in a lump sum or in installments from his/her award, and issue the remaining amount to the scholarship recipient.12. Transferring to other schools: If scholarship recipients need to transfer to other institutions due to health, psychological reasons or special environmenta l surroundings, they need to follow MOE Regulations Regarding International Students undertaking Studies in Taiwan. If the institution or language center agrees to their transfer, these institutions must inform the related government agencies (including the MOE) for future review. Only one transfer is permitted. 13. Additional Information:(1) The MOE may allocate administration subsidies to institutions that join the Taiwan Scholarships Program and set aside a budget to assist institutions in setting up an information service center, in order to strengthen communication and the governing system for scholarships students. (2) ROC overseas missions shall organize orientations, in order to provide scholarship recipients with relevant information, before they travel to Taiwan. (3) ROC overseas missions shall be aware, if a student gives up his/her opportunity to come to Taiwan. If such a case happens, the ROC overseas missions will replace this student with another alternative.(4) Schol arship recipients should arrive at their designated universities/colleges or language centers prior to the day of registration. Institutions should report the names of those who fail to register, to the related government agencies (including the MOE), by the end of October. (5) Medical insurance fees are already included in the stipends. Universities/colleges and language centers should require that scholarship recipients join the National Health Insurance plan. Scholarship recipients must purchase other forms of medical insurance before enrolling in the National Health Insurance plan. The premium of the medical insurance plan will be deducted from the scholarships; the remaining scholarship money will be given to the scholarship recipients.(6) The ROC overseas missions should ask scholarship recipients to provide them with academic records or a report, postal and email addresses, within one month of the return to their respective countries after they complete their studies in Taiwa n. (7) Each year by the end of October, the ROC overseas missions need to send a comprehensive evaluation, which should include each student’s academic records and the other materials as stated in the Subparagraph (6) of this Article, to all the related government agencies (including the MOFA and the MOE) (8) To improve healthcare services for MOFA scholarship recipients,  the MOFA may arrange health examinations for the recipients.The MOFA shall coordinate with schools and hospitals for such examinations, with fees to be covered by its Taiwan Scholarship budget. 14. The selection process regarding the Taiwan Scholarships, their types, benefits and duration will be subject to the terms regulated in the above Guidelines. Scholarships, which have been awarded due to bilateral negotiations, cultural and educational agreements, or based on the terms of equality and reciprocity, or special circumstances, approved by heads of government agencies are not subject to the terms and r egulations under these Guidelines.

Equality and Inclusion in the Health and Social Care or Children and Young People Setting Essay

Diversity can be expained in many different ways, for example a â€Å"diverse work force† is when a work team has many differences in all different aspects, in example a work team which includes different races, ages, gender and interests. Equality is described in which all individuals arre treated equaly, equal oppurtunties plays a big part within the health and social care setting. Discrimination is when an individual is treated unfairly due to certain aspects, for example discriminated agaisnt because of age, race, sex, interests. Discrimination happens in all settings, social and formal. Within a work setting discrimination can come across in different ways, for example if a racist team leader had a team member of a different race always giving them harder or more uncomfortable jobs than the other team members can be classed as discrimination. Discrimination arises due to different reasons, whether it is a person may not like another, racism, sexism and jelousy can make people discriminate. Equal oppurtunities is a piece of legislation put in to place by the government to help ensure that discrimination does not occur within work settings, so for example when applying for a job you as the applicant should not have to disclose your religion and/or beleifs, medical information and other pieces of information until your have made it through to atleast the interveiw stage. Also if helps to ensure discrimination does not arise within the work places, for example that women and men are given the exact same rights and choices when involved within the work setting, also that age, race and sex do not influence people in making desicions. (outcomes 1. 1, 1. 2, 1. 3) The government put pieces of legislation in to place to ensure the health and safety of people within the work setting, the equal oppurtunities act was put in to place to ensure every one was treated equaly when withn the work setting. This applies to my job role in ways such as it can be a challenging job, and some service users can show aggressive violent challenging behaviour, so in the example the equal oppurtunities act helps make sure that sexism is not shown, for example, if a violent situation was to arise then the staffing team beleives that the female staff memebers are just as capable of dealing with the situation as the male staff members. There are ots of pieces of legislation in place to help in supporting staff members in all of the work sectors, for example there is the disability discrimination act, sex discrimination act, racial and religious hatred act and equality and diversity. All these pieces of legislation are put in to place to help people within all the work sectors and relate to every employee/employer in the country in every job role. Discrimination arises in a lot of work settings even though the government have implemented policies and procedures to be followed to help stop discrimination. Discrimination in a work setting should always be challenged and dealt with. For example within a racially diverse work team if racial discrimination was to arise then any member of the team who was aware of this should deal with it in the appropriate manner, in a lot of companies and organisations there will be a whistle blowing policy set in to place. Any member off staff that feels disctimination is going on within the work setting has a duty to report it and go through the whislte blowing procedures to ensure the safety of every staff member within the company or organisation. In doing so the situation will be dealt with through the approprisate policies and procedures leading to the problem being challenged and dealth with accordingly. ( Outcomes 2. 1, 2. 3) The government help to ensure that all information is accessible as and when needed, there are different government websites that can be accessed through the internet. Also the Citizens advice bureau is a government ran organisation that is there to give help and support to people with legal matters. Every company or organisation should have all of the policies and procedures set in to place ensuring that all staff can access them. For example some companies may have paper copies stored away on site, others may have electronic copies on a system made accessible to all staff members at any moment. Also most companies or organisations will ensure that each staff member has read through the policies and procedures before starting their job role. This is to ensure that all staff are up to dat with the latest policies and procedures and it helps to ensure staff have a full understanding of the companies rules and regulations put in to place.

BS1106 Business Environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

BS1106 Business Environment - Essay Example some of the recurring costs that an airlines industry requires to survive. The airlines industry is a complex one. It is a high risk industry as is known after the incidents of 9/11, yet it is a highly lucrative industry with potential of high profits. Huge investments, high risks, squeezing profit margins, growing competition are some of the major barriers to entry in this industry. The global economic downturn has also severely affected the expansion of the airlines industry worldwide. As a result of decreasing profit margins and to consolidate their position, a major trend within the global airlines industry has been for companies to seek strategic alliances with other airlines and benefit from synergies in operations. The success of low cost airlines and the increasing airline alliances has in general resulted in contributing towards improvement in the airline industry (Datamonitor, 2005). With the opening of economies and market driven forces taking over the business prospects, the customer has become the real king in the airline industry. Now companies do everything possible to invite the customer towards them by offering them good bargains, club memberships, loyalty programmes, sumptuous meal and goodies on board. The customer relationship management (CRM) has to play a key role in managing and retaining the customer as the customer has become very demanding, and resorts to bargain prices before purchasing the ticket. The top 10 leading names which have successfully made use of this trend are shown in the table below; With more low cost airlines dotting the airspace, the industry is further reaching towards saturation. Brand name and frequent flier point programmes also play a role in the Airline industry1. An airline with a strong brand name and incentives can usually be enough to lure a customer (even if their prices are higher). The figure below lists some of main customer satisfaction determinants (Ipsos

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 26

Assignment Example The 96 hours of exposure indicates the maximum time of exposure that may result into viable results. Acute toxicity may not apply to natural environments hence limiting the results of studies involving them. The disadvantages with these also involves the reliance on cause and affect aspects in research and lastly the effect of the specific nature of the study that limit they results. The usefulness of acute toxicity is in the analytical nature of the experiments and the results provided (Acute and Chronic Toxicity Testing, n.d). The maximum levels of concentrations set by the regulators are normally lower to reduce the effects that the chemicals may have on the experimenters. Through these, the margins of exposure determinations become possible since the NOEL levels provide the basis for other measurements to provide relevant information and the concentrations become easier to interpret (Reference dose RFD, 2012). In other words, NOEL sets the reference dose for usage in all experiments that acts as base. Natural endocrines provide a hormonal support to the body systems. Endocrines play a role in building connections with glands tasked to carry hormones around the body and place them into the blood stream for purposes of hormonal responses and support. Glands and hormones have the role of regulating growth, development and maturity aspects among other body regulations. There exist natural endocrines and artificial endocrines. The natural endocrines exist naturally in the body and build up because of natural processes while the artificial endocrines are introduced into the body to play the same role as natural endocrines. Among the many glands that produce, hormones in the body include pituitary glands, thyroid glands, thymus, pancreases, and ovaries among others. There exist many endocrine systems in animals serving a

Social Contract Theory Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Social Contract Theory - Research Paper Example The social contract theory examines the notion of political legitimacy, which states that human beings have no ultimate right to exercise power over each other until the parties involved have mutual consent in an agreement (Rawls 223). According to the social contract theory, a natural basis for morality can be provided by the need for social order. The interaction between people forms the basis for certain incentives within the social system, which determine the peaceful coexistence between people in society. Social contract theory calls for the formation of certain agreements and follows some fundamental rules while at the same time treating each other with a lot of respect. Based on the social contract theory, humans find it beneficial to enter into some form of social contracts that will guide their moral judgments. Without such a contract, people would not exist peacefully as their interaction with one another would be disorderly (Rawls 225). The social contract theory also holds the view that the political, social, and moral obligations of a person largely borrow from the agreements they have made in their society. The modern political and moral theory is related to the social contract theory. In a nutshell, the social contract theory mainly focuses on the consensus that should emanate from explicit consent between several players in an agreement. The consent should be between people who reason properly and no one should be coerced to enter into an agreement. Social contract theorists, such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau, strived to explain consensus with his explanation of the â€Å"general will.† For Rousseau, the social contract theory involves entering into a contract based on the collective interest of the entire group rather than focusing on the interests of a few individuals. The will of an individual should be appropriated with the interests of the entire group so as to

National Response Framework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

National Response Framework - Essay Example An obvious strength of the NRF is its emphasis on engaged partnership and shared responsibilities and roles at all levels by all stakeholders. Further, NRF has aligned its objectives with its capabilities at local, state, and federal levels. That is, according to the NRF, all the responsibilities and resources are aligned at all levels so that no level is overwhelmed during crises (Office of Homeland Security 2002). Second, the tiered approach to responding to crises ensures that catastrophes are dealt with the lowest possible level, only to be supported when need arises due to the severity of a crisis. The National Response Framework also has not only adaptable but also scalable and flexible operations and capabilities so that the operations are implemented even if crises change in scope and severity. Nonetheless, there is still a lot of room to improve the NRF. An area in which the NRF may be improved is funding. That is, clarity should be established on federal, state, local, and private-donor responsibilities in terms of funding. In fact, the federal and state governments should entirely fund crises responses with regards to cash grants, legal aid, temporary shelter, food supplies, and home repairs. Additionally, all victims, their socioeconomic statuses notwithstanding, should be supported to full recovery rather than concentrating on a particular class of victims. Thus, the episodic funding of emergencies in which non-profit responders such as the Red Cross only reach out for help after disasters and negotiation for federal grants take place after each emergency should also stop. Funds should thus be made available so that responses are fast whenever emergencies

E-Shopping Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

E-Shopping - Assignment Example These technical improvements in consumer electronics also found their way into the Internet. An example of this is on-line casino game sites where the player experiences the thrills of enjoying and playing in almost-realistic casino. This realism extends not only to the quality of the audio produced by the act of playing such as table card games but also in the way the cards slide on the table. The cards seem to glide on a real casino table that is equipped with padding and the cards being dealt do not slide awkwardly as in previous computer programs where they seem slippery like being on top of glass. I believe Internet shopping ten years from now will allow prospective customers to feel, smell and see the real product on-line. This may seem impossible or incredible but scientists have found out that smell is nothing but just a variant of electromagnetic waves. Smell is transmitted by infrared waves and scientists are near to finally finding the solution to the mystery of smell (Grigoryev, Myakishev & Yankovsky, 2001). Similar to what the early movies during the beginning of the previous century, the invention of the phonograph made movies more enjoyable due the added element of sound. Now that scientists have deciphered the mechanism of smell, it might be able to produce and send smell on the Internet. Consumers can see, touch and smell a product (such as perfume) before they will buy

An Ethical Dilema Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

An Ethical Dilema - Essay Example The person spent hours using the company phone lines in setting up of doctor’s appointment or making phone calls to their friends who are from different side of business on company time. Even when the person was in state of using internet in office computer, he had an interest in surfing to different social networking sites on company’s valuable time. His friend was obsessed with his behavior because it resulted in low performance. The same colleague used to have longer conversations with other colleagues which were irrelevant and had nothing to do with business. The situation did not offered his friend to report this unethical behavior to his supervisor because the person was his dearest friend and he did not wanted the company to take actions against his colleague. Due to his positive nature, the colleague started to continue the behavior excessively and always made his friend involved in his conversations. This also had a negative impact on his performance as he was unable to meet deadlines with the work. Answer 2: If I put myself in the role of an employee that had to deal with his colleague’s unethical behavior, I would have reviewed code of conduct and the company’s philosophy regarding the attitude of that employee. I would consult with my other colleagues the particular situation without revealing the name of any person in the scenario. This would help me understand rules of the company regarding an unethical behavior to conduct personal business on company’s time. Then simply I would pay visit to my colleague and let him know of his unethical behavior which is ruining the culture and philosophy of the organization. I would make him understand that his particular behavior is inflicting my performance curve with greater margins. I would make him realize that the company pays its employees for the work they have performed instead of doing personal business (Rhodes, 1986). If still the matter persisted with consistency, I would approach an ombudsperson that is charged with the duty of handling informal complaints from the working staff. This would allow me to make complaints against any employee regarding their behavior without revealing my name. These complaints are made confidential and the company assures employees’ anonymity in the case. This is also considered as the whistle blowing concept in which an employee has a right to share the wrongdoing practices happening within the firm to his manager and supervisor. This act would only be possible if actions made by a colleague are recognized as an unethical behavior. I would not be taking actions if the behavior would not have resulted in decrease in my performance (Garber, 2008). Answer 3: Ethical dilemmas often do not have clear responses unless the person has broken the law or regulations that are governed by the organization. The concept of integrity is to make correct choice between right and wrong. Individuals can make good decisions in this case if they have been prepared for the particular situation or their ethical base is strong. A person who commits to integrity will find himself in a right situation before it requires action against an ethical dilemma. In the above case of ethical dilemma, an employee had to make corrections with the colleague’s behavior. He had to make up his mind that the behavior he was pursuing was unethical and is resulting in low

Revenues and Fair Values Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Revenues and Fair Values - Assignment Example Question 1, Part I: Outline the key requirements of IAS 18 Revenues IAS 18 prescribes the accounting treatment for revenue arising from certain types of transactions and events. It defines revenue as the gross inflow of economic benefits, such as cash, receivables, and other assets, arising from the ordinary operating activities of an enterprise, such as sales of goods or services, interest, royalties, and dividends (IAS 18 Â §7). Revenues are different from gains, a type of income which also represent increases in economic benefits but may not arise in the course of the ordinary activities of an enterprise. The key requirements of IAS 18 are reliability, recognition, and measurement of revenue. Revenue should be measured at the fair value of the consideration receivable (IAS 18 Â §9). An exchange for goods or services of a similar nature and value is not regarded as a transaction that generates revenue, which only applies to exchanges of dissimilar items (IAS 18 Â §12). IAS 18 has the following basic principles to guide accountants on the timing of revenue recognition: ï‚ § Significant risks and/or rewards of ownership are transferred to the buyer; ï‚ § No continuing involvement nor control associated with ownership; ï‚ § Amount of revenue can be measured reliably;

Anything related to Civil Engineering Research Proposal

Anything related to Civil Engineering - Research Proposal Example balancing all the fundamentals of construction management, safety remains the most significant aspect of the construction management that ends up being compromised, when the balancing of the other aspects of the construction is involved (Andersen, 21). Construction is a hazardous business. Whenever construction accidents happen, the costs are normally high on the people, productivity and profitability associated with the project (McGraw Construction, 7). In this respect, there is a great need to understand how safety can be integrated into the whole construction management process, right from the design to the completion of the project. It is well known that safety issues, accidents and hazards are costly to the construction industry. For that reason, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) laws have been established in order to guide the safety and health protection at construction project sites (Lingard, 212). Nevertheless, even with the laws guiding safety and health protection within construction sites in place, accidents and safety hazards still occur in construction sites (Andersen, 21). A large number of construction project owners have always engaged in search for ways to circumvent the safety measures and regulations issued by different safety authorities and agencies in their construction projects (Lingard, 213). However, the few parties in the construction industry who have been keen to adhere to the safety and health requirements in their projects have realized significant positive impacts, which include good reputation, less injury and less legal claims against the companies, as well a s little disruptions in the project plans (McGraw Construction, 27). Therefore, this research study will seek to assess how safety management can become the priority of the construction project owners, as opposed to being a mandatory regulation that they should adhere to. The proposed research seeks to evaluate the motivation and underlying factors

What the future may hold Essay Example for Free

What the future may hold Essay Law enforcement is heading for uncharted waters. Beyond deals with criminal activity and enforcing state statutes, law enforcement personnel are at the time of this writing in the throes of war with Ð ° frontline that has no defined latitude or longitude. The enemy is often faceless and leaderless. What will the future hold? Although no one person or group can predict the future; one certainty is that technology will be at the forefront. Another certainty is that international and domestic terrorist groups are here to stay, but they will no longer be treated as two distinct factions. There are no boundaries with terrorists or organized hate groups. Law enforcement has embarked on Ð ° new frontier that cannot be disregarded and appears to be endless. Times have changed and so must law enforcement. Chances are that the greatest terrorist impact wills come from technology or science, such as cyber- or bioterrorism, rather than from conventional bombs. No matter what the source of the impact is, agencies are cautioned against Ð ° simplistic approach. History has demonstrated that most terrorist attacks are events that are planned, often over the course of months and years. Therefore, we must use extreme caution when gathering information and must avoid overlooking any seemingly harmless aspect of situations or events presented. The smallest, seemingly meaningless, communication, transmission, purchase, or inquiry could be the missing component that links events. Agencies should take this information into account as well as all the categories mentioned in previous chapters when developing their database structures. Relegating minor items to Ð ° â€Å"comments† section or omitting them altogether may have adverse effects in the future. Also, database managers should include information on the various forms of terrorism, especially cyber and biological. â€Å"To fully appreciate the implications of terrorism today, it is appropriate to review and assess terrorism within the context of history. Grant Wardlaw argues that â€Å"Part of the solution to the question of whether or not contemporary terrorism poses Ð ° unique threat to social order lies in an appraisal of its degree of continuity with previous manifestations of political terrorism. † It is not possible in this study to produce Ð ° complete history of terrorism. However, in order to place contemporary terrorist activities in Ð ° proper perspective, it is germane to identify some of the major historical bench-marks of terrorism. † (Paul 2002 11)

Establishing Relationships in Support Work

Establishing Relationships in Support Work Haiyang Li There are many kinds of relationships in the world, for instance, parents and children, husband and wife, boyfriend and girlfriend, friends, neighbors and etc. Normally, people think the relationship between supporters and clients is the same as doctor and clients. However, there are a lot of differences. In this essay, I will demonstrate what a supporting relationship should be, identifying the key theoretical principles to establish a supporting relationship. In between, I will connect the theoretical principles with the case study, and demonstrate how the principles work in the real situation. To build a supporting relationship, the supporter needs to put his heart in the support work using all the helping skills and Personal-Certred Approach as a guide in the real work. The relationship between supporter and client was seen as someone who can talk to. It looks very simple. However, the supporter is the one who can be trust, the one who can understand the problems or the situation the clients in, the one can accept the fact of clients hold, and the one can be allowed to provide help for the client. In order to become that kind supporter, the helper need to prepare relevant knowledge to understand the situation, history, strength and worries the client has. the relationship is about building a rapport and trust with the supporter. The client may feel comfortable enough to open up and address their problems. This kind of relationship is built on confidentiality and reliability. In this case, ‘Spider’, he is a 19 years old boy. The situation of him is that he is sleeping in the nearby park. He is lack of education but he learned from street knowing how to survive on the street but poor living conditions. The history of him is that he has family abuse history and has been lived in foster homes for a few years and change foster home frequently in those years. He was not good at school study left school when he was 14. After he turned to 18, he lost government support and then he had to live in the street in the poor living condition and use street drugs for himself. The strength of him is that he identifies himself as a resourceful, determined and smart street dweller. He wants to start a new way of life which is moving out from the street, finding a job, requiring more knowledge and having his own living place. He hopes that he can have his own family. He has very strong desire to move on for his life to start working forward to his dream. The worries of him are homelessness, unemployment and reuse street drugs. From case study, I think the Person-Centred Approach is suitable and helpful for us to understand and care for him. The Person-Centred Approach developed from the work of Dr. Carl Rogers. The research (Richard, 1992) indicates that the Person-Centred Approach theory aim to develop or create a relationship that can allow the clients to be themselves. The relationship can be felt safe for the client and give them space to develop and grow. To achieve this goal, the supporter would be a person who was deeply understanding which is empathic in the theory; accepting which is having unconditional positive regard and genuine which is congruent in the principle. Using Person-Centred Approach theory, the supporter needs to understand what has happened to him. Firstly, when he was young, he was suffering from neglect and abuse in his family. The research (Smith Segal, 2012) shows that Negligence, on the part of parents or caretakers, can cause children both physical and mental health problems. Parents or caretakers carelessness can be seen as a kind of physicalabuse. Children’s fear is also from unpredictable environment change and behavior of their guardians. The guardians successfully manage to plunge fear in the hearts of the children. As a result children who suffered from family physical abuse always pay attention on the negative emotions of their caretakers or parents. So, when these children grow up, the childhood experience has impacted on their personalities and behavior as well. Research (Soomro, Abbasi Lalani, 2014) shows that they may encounter physical problems such as asthma, high blood pressure, ulcer, allergies, etc; p sychological problems such as personal disorders and aggressive demeanor and behavior problems such as felony, drug habits and poor academic performance. In this case, ‘Spider’ shows his behavior problems which are not successful in school and drug problems. And street drug problem still drag him back to the street. Secondly, he had been into the foster home but change frequent between foster homes. The foster care system seems another ideal choice for them; however, it is not always helpful when these young people need help. These adolescents have been impacted by the homeless issue and cause their social and health problem (Joanne Patricia, 2006). Children who have been put in the foster care home experienced about the relationship attached between them and their caretakers or their foster home parents. This link is very important for children’s development. Research (American Psychiatric Association, 1994) indicated that Disruptions in attachment relationships can lead to Reactive Attachment Disorder of infancy or early Childhood. In this case, ‘Spider’ has experienced the frequently changes in foster care homes. This impact may shows on him when he grows up. He may have difficulty trust or related with somebody else such as our supporters. So this may be a barrier in est ablishing supporting relationships. So from this case, as a supporter, I understand that the most problems of him have not controlled by himself. He has no choices that born from a family where abuse him when he was young. For rescuing him, he has been put into foster care. The child abuse experience makes his misbehavior in the foster home and school. He does not prepare enough for his independent life before he had been abandoned from foster care home. He has to live in the street in a rough condition so that he has the opportunity to connect with street drugs. I am also glad that he is still holding his hope on his future. He wants to be employed, educated and to have a living place. The internal motivation is the most important helper for him to reach his goal because an important part of this theory is that in a particular psychological environment, the fulfillment of personal potential is a desire to know and be known by other people (British Association for the Person Centred Approach, 2015). After understanding about the client, the supporter needs to preparing himself with communication skills, action skills, mind skills and using unconditional positive regard to start a conversation with the client. Richard (2012) indicates that the Communication and action skills are what people do and how they do it rather than what and how they feel and think. The skills include listening skills, questioning skills and challenging skills. Supporter and clients can use verbal messages, vocal messages, body messages, touch messages and taking action messages to communication with each other. In the Person-Centred Approach theory, supporter needs to use positively acceptant response to the client. Use warm and appropriate expression to send messages to build a different kind of relationships so the client may feel free to talk and express himself. Also, in genuine part, the supporter need to show client that client has been heard. It is important to show that the supporter is paying attention in the conversation they have. The supporter may use verbal messages to reflecting what the client said; may use face expression to let client know the support was thinking about what client said; or the supporter, may use taking action messages to make a note to show his listening. That is the main difference of the relationship with doctor, nurse or social worker. John and Julia (2011) research shows that these professional people tend to provide advices response rather than listening. They are looking for the solution rather than the process of helping people finding their own pro blems the helping relationship is focus on people. It is the way for people to rescue themselves. I understand of mind skills is the process to know yourself and your own experience in order to use your own experience to help the client. in this case, we can share the same experience when ourselves in the difficult situation. Out experience may difference with his abuse, foster care, homelessness history but we have our difficult time such as hard to find a job and do not know what to do next in life. The important that we share how we concur the difficulty, what effort we made and never lose the hope. To sum up, the support work is how you treat someone who needs help and how to provide help. The first to start a relationship, as the Person-Certred Approach suggested, understanding what the client is, such as who he is, what the situation he is in, what the problem he has and what worries he may have. Then before start a conversation, the supporter needs to provide a comfortable and safe environment for the client. One meaning of the environment is physical environment that may include the nice place to sit, comfortable and no interrupting noise. The other meaning of the environment is between supporter and the client. The supporter need to prepare an environment that the client can open his heart and willing to share his story. In order to do so, the supporter need to use the communication and action skills, use his voice, use positive unconditional regards, use acceptance attitude and use congruent skills to show that the supporter is ready and willing to accept the client. Also , the supporter needs to keep the confidentially of the conversation. So the client feels trustworthy and safe to talk to the supporter. References British Association for the Person Centred Approach, 2015. What is the Person-Centred Approach? Retrieved fromhttp://www.bapca.org.uk/about/what-is-it.html Joanne, O., Patricia, L. (2006). Adolescent Homelessness, Nursing, and Public Health Policy. Policy, Politics, Nursing Practice, 7(1), 73-77. doi: 10.1177/1527154406286663 John, M., Julia, M. (2011). Counseling Skills a practical guide for counselors and helping professionals. (2nd ed.). New York, USA: Open University Press Richard, N. (1992). Lifeskills Helping A text book of practical counseling and helping skills. (3nd ed.). NSW, Australia: Harcourt Brace Company. Richard, N. (2012). Basic counseling skills a helper’s manual. (3rd ed.). London, UK. Sage publications Ltd. Smith, M., Segal, J. (2012, July).Child Abuse and Neglect. Retrieved July 25, 2012, from Helpguide:http://www.helpguide.org/mental/child%5Fabuse%5Fphysical%5Femotional%5Fsexual%5Fneglect.htm Soomro, S., Abbasi,Z. Lalani, F. (2014). An Indepth Insight intoChildAbuseand itsImpacton Personality of Victims. International Research Journal of Art Humanities. 10 (40), 53-68. Retrieved from http://eds.a.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.massey.ac.nz/eds/detail/detail?vid=2sid=3dbcd49c-02aa-456b-9c1e-d379c403696f%40sessionmgr4002hid=4208bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0ZQ%3d%3d#db=hlhAN=99236148

Why Should You Recycle English Language Essay

Why Should You Recycle English Language Essay A very good morning to Mr. Mariapan and fellow friends. Before I start my speech, I would like to ask all of you a question: Do you hear that our mother earth is crying? Perhaps you would say no, but please take a look at these pictures. She is crying because the air has been polluted by industrial smoke; she is crying because of global warming; she is crying because of contaminated water; she is crying because you are unconcerned about her pain. Well, we can save this world, but it is not like a superhero using some extraordinary superpower to heal this world. That is impossible. In fact, your mission is very simple and easy and everyone can do it! Do you want to save this world? Then, lets get recycling. What is recycling? It is defined processing used materials and waste into new products to prevent waste of potentially useful materials. Then, why It is so important? Firstly, we face a large problem with trash build up on our Earth and recycling saves space in landfills. -Solely focusing on Malaysia, we produce 19,000 tones of waste every day, and a majority of that ends up in landfills. 19,000 tones, can you imagine that? 19,000 tones, if you piled it all up it would be as high as 36 Petronas Twin Towers. Malaysia currently has 230 landfill sites and 80% of them will reach capacity within the next two years. Soon, there is going to be a big problem as landfills cause serious pollution. For example, from the picture, we notice that landfills are associated with air pollution, water pollution, land pollution as well as green house effect. -Therefore, to manage the growing volume of solid waste it is necessary to turn to alternative methods such as recycling. If landfills fill up we have to find new space for new landfills. If that happens, you better pray that the new landfills wont build behind your houses backyard. So, lets get recycling. Secondly, recycling saves energy and natural resources. -Most of the things in a trash bag can be reclaimed through recycling. For instances, paper, metal, plastics and glass. By using materials more than once, we conserve natural resources ensuring our childrens futures. -Next, I have some interesting facts here to share with all of you (1) 1 ton of recycled paper saves 17 trees about 35 feet tall. Recycling 1 stack of newspapers 6 feet tall saves the life of one 35 feet tree. (2) 1 recycled tin can would save enough energy to power a television for 3 hours. (3) 1 recycled plastic bottle would save enough energy to power a 60-watt light bulb for 3 hours. -Obviously, recycling saves natural resources by reducing the need for raw energy and save energy as it often takes less energy to make products from recycled material than raw material. Therefore, lets get recycling. Thirdly, recycling can save money and create job opportunities. -Our former prime minister, Datuk Seri Abdullah Ahmad Badawi, said this in an environmental conference. He said: Currently, our country needs to spend RM 400 mil just to manage these waste and Just by recycling as much as 22% of the 5 million tones of waste produced each year could save the government RM 88 mill a year. -Besides that, recycling can make money as well. As we know, humans are selfish by nature; most of the people might pay no heed to the importance I mentioned earlier and when you ask them to contribute a little effort on recycling, they might just simply answer you; It is none of my business. Yet, when I link money with recycling, it definitely can arouse interest among public. -Well, you can make money by turning your trash into extra cash. For example, you can sell your trash in many recycling centers. You can trade in your paper, aluminum and other object that is capable of being recycled for cash. Even though the pay off is small, but money is still money and it is so shiny that makes everyone loves it. -Next, recycling creates jobs and you cant deny it. Recycling creates up to 5 times more jobs than waste disposal alone. It will create jobs for engineers, machine specialists, environmental personnel, general workers and many more. In North Carolina, on 2004, recycling employs approximately 14 000 people across the state and this has increased 60% in ten years. Also, the number of companies listed in the states recycling markets directory has increased 74% in 10 years. As we know, todays global economic crisis means that it is so hard to find a job. Who knows in the future one of our friends or even I might work in recycling field to earn a livelihood. Indeed, recycling can save money and creates m ore job opportunities. So, lets get recycling. Well, I had talking a lot of importance of recycling and now Im going to tell you what you can do to save this environment. Your recycling mission is not impossible! In fact, it is very simple Recycling at home -Make space next to your bin for a recycling container. Then, it is as simple to recycle as it is to throw it away. For families that cannot afford a recycling container, dont worry, just sort the wastes properly. Waste sorting is the process by which waste is separated into different elements. For example, separate your waste into paper, metal and glass and then visit nearby recycling centre to turn your rubbish into cash. -Here is a list of things that you should always recycle. Surprisingly, we notice that almost everything can be recycled. Recycling at school -As we know, paper is the main form of waste produced by schools. If possible, Set up a paper collection scheme for each classroom or request the school administrator to provide paper recycling bin. if you are enthusiastic enough, inform your friends about the advantages of recycling and try to persuade them to get involved in recycling. -Furthermore, you can organize some educational programs through posters, web page, e-mail and student orientation. Well, I know that not everyone is so enthusiastic yet I will glad and appreciate when I see you throw the rubbish into the recycle bins. Last but not least, be a green consumer. a green consumer is someone who is very concerned about the environment and, therefore, only purchases products that are environmentally-friendly or eco-friendly. -For example, you should purchase products that are recyclable, buy products that are made from recycled material and avoid purchasing hazardous materials which is hard to recycle. Now, I want you to ask yourself, why dont you recycle more often? Well, I had told you the benefits of recycling it is extremely easy to recycle. I think most of you dont want a landfill is built behind your houses back yard. Also, I hope you dont just sit by and watch our mother Earth turn into a ball of trash. Lastly, I want to end my speech with a quotation When we heal the earth, we heal ourselves. So, what are you waiting for? Lets get recycling! Well, thats all from me. Thank you.

America Needs Affordable Housing Essay -- Exploratory Essays Research

America Needs Affordable Housing It is often easy to castigate large cities or third world countries as failures in the field of affordable housing, yet the crisis, like an invisible cancer, manifests itself in many forms, plaguing both urban and suburban areas. Reformers have wrestled passionately with the issue for centuries, revealing the severity of the situation in an attempt for change, while politicians have only responded with band aid solutions. Unfortunately, the housing crisis easily fades from our memory, replaced by visions of homeless vets, or starving children. Metropolis magazine explains that â€Å"†¦though billions of dollars are spent each year on housing and development programs worldwide, ? At least 1 billion people lack adequate housing; some 100 million have none at all.? In an attempt to correct this worldwide dilemma, a United Nations conference, Habitat II, was held in Istanbul, Turkey in June of 1996. This conference was open not only to government leaders, but also to community orga nizers, non governmental organizations, architects and planners. â€Å"By the year 2000, half the world’s people will live in cities. By the year 2025, two thirds of the world population will be urban dwellers ? Globally, one million people move from the countryside to the city each week.? Martin Johnson, a community organizer and Princeton professor who attended Habitat II, definitively put into words the focus of the deliberations. Cities, which are currently plagued with several of the severe problems of dis-investment ?crime, violence, lack of jobs and inequality ?and more importantly, a lack of affordable and decent housing, quickly appeared in the forefront of the agenda. The dis-investment is present in many large citie... ...ary 1997: 66+ Johnson, Martin. â€Å"United Nations Habitat II Conference in Instanbul, Turkey,?The Advocate, December 1996: 2+ Outline I. Introduction A. International situation 1. Habitat II conference in Istanbul a. Article written in Metropolis magazine b. Personal account by community organizer II. Body A. Bergen county 1. HUD statistics for county 2. Studies shown in graphs, charts, tables 3. Maps showing minority, unemployed, and low income areas a. This is to draw a possible conclusion of course b. Statistics show ownership : housing problems B. NYC situation 1. Less statistics, more stories and examples a. Drawing from NYT article 8 part series III. Conclusion(s) A. Are there relationships of race : housing? B. Is the government pulling its weight? C. Are there solutions at hand?

American Religion in Long Days Journey into Night Essay -- Long Days

American Religion in Long Days Journey into Night      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The modernist sentiments throughout Long Days Journey into Night, by Eugene O'Neill, are apparent in many different ways.   Among the methods he used was the portrayal of America's withdrawal from traditional religion and modes of behavior.   He used his immigrant Irish family, the Tyrones, as a pedestal for this idea by highlighting their departure from traditional Irish beliefs and their struggle to form new, uniquely American, ones.   O'Neill did this by repeatedly evoking a drastic difference between his character's conduct and their Irish Catholic counterparts.   He replaced the main tenets of the Catholic faith, communion and confession, with entirely new ones. While the Tyrone family was busy forging new American spirituality, the author was bringing about the birth of truly American drama.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Tyrone family made the choice to renounce their old ties and form new ones, with differing amounts of success.   This meant a severing from the Catholic faith community, leaving a social void that they tried to fill with drugs and money.   James Tyrone, the father, sold himself out early on when he opted to act for money rather that for the sake of art.   His sons Jamie and Edmond also turned away from the Church by shrouding their lives in alcohol and whores.   Lastly, their mother Mary Tyrone had effectively excommunicated herself by marrying a disreputable actor and turning to morphine to solve her problems.   I am not sure if in the end their gods matched up to their ... ...w chosen religion, no longer an Irishman but an American.        Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The day was a journey from of external versus internal spirituality but also of internal versus external influence on American theater.   By using themes of immigration and social integration, O'Neill broke away from European theater influence and created an entirely new class of theater: American.   And while he borrowed ideas from the Greek and Shakespearean theater, he combined them with a new setting and audience to form an entirely new art form.   Just as the Tyrones could never fully leave behind Ireland, O'Neill could not entirely leave behind Europe.   Instead, the author and his characters took their existing belief/theater structure and adapted it to a new country, while making it their own.

The Prime Instigator of Conflict Is Fear

When we people feel frightened, it is often that the fright itself is the point when conflict is build. It is not wrong if we say that conflict is not only triggered by fear. There are many things that could cause a conflict, but when you think a bit further, these things are caused none other but by fear. Hatred of one person to the other is generally caused by fear that also brings up anger and envy. Fears of the uncertain future and death also provoke conflict. When people is scared of what others might do to them, they will make the first move and strike without realizing or trying to understand them first which caused a misunderstanding that will again root to conflict. A Moslem, sometimes has a false interpretation when trying to understand their religion. They were trying to fulfill their belief needs, and yet their fear of the American society leads them to terrorize U. S and so started the war between them. The same thing could be applied to the protest against the authority. In ‘The Crucible’, Abigail Williams is the one who initiate conflict in Salem, which results in the death of many innocent people who are falsely accused of witchcraft. Abigail started her lies due to save her name in the village that already blackened, and as the story goes on, to save her life as well. With the arrival of Reverend Hale, the simple matter of ‘dancing in the wood’ could no longer be put behind. Abigail has no other choice but to keep lying, a lie that was once only to save her life is now threatening the whole village and people who are initially not involved in it. She does not hesitate on telling lies, and her true motive is now colored with her fear of losing her former lover. This fear is far greater than her conscience, and eventually devours it. Reverend Paris as a minister has a fright on his own that makes him not doing his job rightfully as the enforcement of justice. For the sake of his name, his family and his occupation, he turned his back on people who need justice. The fear of losing greatly consumes his mind that he willing to sacrifice other people rather than losing his pride, similar to what Abigail does. Judge Danforth is also one who is consumed by fear and would not let go of it. He has seen it that Abigail was a fraud, but he could not admit his wrong doing by hanging those innocent people, instead he declares that John Proctor, Rebecca Nurse and Martha Corey need to be hanged by the next day to save his name. He is terrified of what people might think and do if they knew the truth that there is no witchcraft. These personal conflict which actually happened in their own mind, become a significant global conflict that involved a lot of people when a person with authority possessed it and take action to save themselves. War and terrorism that happened between Iraq and USA is none other created by one simple thing, fear. The reason that based these extremists on 9/11 tragedy is actually the same reason that is used when US had their attack on Iraq. We first thought that it is only natural that US would come with an attack of revenge, but US knew that Iraq is not the place where the bombing on 9/11 came from. Why do people attack one another? What causes human to kill? The answer is always clear, fear. We would not kill, attack, shoot and blow up other people if we weren’t afraid of them. It is true that conflict is generated from fears. This fear devours all conscience and common sense of human that brings out the inner conflict in ourselves. Nonetheless, conflict is our everyday meal for us human. Without conflict, not to mention fear, there will be no development or revolution in human life. But, it is always good to keep our fear and sense in control not letting fear taking charge in our mind. Democracy which arose from conflict, is also originated from the fear of the false-authority or tyranny. This shows that a controlled fear could brings up social justice and goodness in people.

Knowledge Development in Nursing Essay

A philosophy of treat should be all encompassing, with its foundation base upon core values and beliefs, while structure upon experience. Medicine is often comprised of controversial good dilemmas where we must(prenominal) be advocates. In a study that examined the relationship between nurses and doctors it was fit(p) that Differences in values, communication, trust, and responsibilities can precipitate contest between nurses and doctors over ethical components of care. (Corley MC 1998) Developing ones theoretical knowledge and training how to apply it successfully into their clinical formula is part of the evolving butt against.The evolution that occurs over the work of a career can be empowering. Hence, it is important to develop confirming nurse-physician relationships to blow up confidence and grow from those interactions. The importance of positive nurse-physician relationships has been widely acknowledged (Baggs, 1989 Baggs & Schmitt, 1988 Eubanks, 1991 Fagin, 1 992 Mechanic & Aiken, 1982 Prescott & Bowen 1985). Therefore, it is our liability as professionals to mentor our peers, non only(prenominal) for ourselves, but our patients and families, as well. In an provoke illustration of self disclosure (Kim, H.S., 1999) a practician was able to identify the need of a patient, but clearly had difficulty communicating the needfully of the patient to the physician, although some(a) of the difficulties appeared to be cultural in nature.The substance we legislate with one a nonher as practitioners, in addition to, how we collaborate and communicate with physicians has a direct impact on patient outcomes. As practitioners we are qualified in performing our jobs if we can not effectively collaborate with the physician. It is herein that the job lies. The inexperienced or less self-asserting practitioner will often induce it difficult to approach a physician when faced with perhaps the Do not Resuscitate order that has yet to be signed. W ith that being said, approaching a family that needs to be educated on the implications of G-tube organization on their family member with prolonged intubatation and no signs of improvement can be intimidating without interdisciplinary support.The to a greater extent experienced practitioners clinical judgment is more easily verbalizedbecause he/she is soft in interdisciplinary collaboration, therefore the physician is more likely to involve them in the end making process. For example in an ICU setting where often measure the physician does not involve the practitioner in the decision making process or inform them when a decision has been made it generally creates one of troika things. A. the nurse will continue to acutely pursue the physician until an order is stock B. resort to slow codes, or C. revivify all patients until told otherwise by the physician (Michael I Rauchman, BA). All of these things lead to minus outcomes for both the families and patients, and we as pract itioners. Future directions of the stipulate are revealed when these linkages between philosophy, disciplinary goals, theory, and figure are strengthened (McCurry, et al). It is for these reasons, we as practitioners must continually grow and develop through our experiences, always expanding our knowledge in the ever-changing profession we have chosen.Corley MC (1998). ethical dimensions of nurse-physician relations in critical-care (The Nursing Clinics of due north America) 1998 Jun Vol. 33 (2), pp. 325-37. http//ehis.ebscohost.com.proxy.library.maryville.edu/ehost/detail?vid=19&sid=78745a3b-d950-4ea0-890c-4ee4ab4c4b46%40sessionmgr112&hid=hundred and one&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3ddb=cmedm&AN=9624207 ISSN0029-6465MICHAEL I. RAUCHMAN, BAMedical studentMcGill UniversityMontreal, PQRABKIN MT. GILLERMAN G, RICE NROrders not to resuscitate. N Engi J MedI 976 295 364-366http//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.proxy.library.maryville.edu/pmc/articles/PMC1875656/pdf/canmedaj01406-0055.pdfex pertness in Nursing PracticeCaring, clinical Judgment, and Ethics

Symbols in the Mayor of Casterbridge

AP English Literature and Composition strike down Hodge 19 March. 2013 Symbolism in The city manager of Casterbridge A token is an object, person, or get into that is used to represent a plan in the story. Through reveal the novel The city manager of Casterbridge, in that location argon triad blusher symbols. every last(predicate) three symbols courageous uses are objects. These three objects all represent something somewhat the main character, Henchard. One of the three symbols as well as pertains to Farfrae, a nonher character in the novel. The three symbols are the collision of buffleheads, the hair, and the caged yellow warbler.All three of the symbols blow bring out a macroscopic part in this novel and further help the contri only whenor understand the concepts of the characters. The first of the symbols is the collision of wagons. The twain wagons that collide are grain wagons wholeness owned by Henchard, and the other wagon owned by Farfrae. The wreck happe ns at night, and both of the wagons are filled to the brim with hay. One of the wagons gets stuck and has to be left overnight. The cerise collision of the two wagons is much(prenominal) than sightly a wreck which Farfraes wag geniusr thinks he must have done that a purpose (Hardy 179).This action symbolizes the ongoing get by of Henchard and Farfraes relationship (college prep). In the ascendant of their relationship, Henchard is very pleased with Farfrae, but as their lives go on together, Farfrae initiates to become more well-liked by the townspeople than Henchard. After more time passes, Henchard grows very jealous of Farfrae and despises him. They are building up great focus between one another, and the collision on the dot adds to it. The wagon collision also symbolizes the tralatitious ways in which Henchard does his business.These practices may be outdated and ineffective, but they are what Henchard stands for and values. On the other hand, Farfrae is very modern in his business, and therefore more effective. Farfrae and his modern status have caught the eye of townspeople, and they are intrigued by his way of business. The second symbol is the bull. The bull enters the novel when it chases down Lucetta and Elizabeth into a b and onto the loft. As they try to get away, Henchard is there to save their lives, mainly Lucettas. He gets a old of the bull and guides it to the ground. The bull becomes paralyzed, and its thump begins bleeding. Lucetta is crying and feels blessed she was organism relieve, but Henchard more so because she once saved him (Hardy 193). Through this action, the reader may begin to feel more sympathetic towards Henchard in the showing of his potential and courage. The bull in the novel also symbolizes the brute forces in the world that threaten human life. bended on destruction, it seems to embody the unnamed forces Henchard carries.The troika symbol is the caged goldfinch. This object is given to Elizabeth at her w edding, from Henchard. Henchard never actually gives the goldfinch great to Elizabeth, but he leaves it there in the corner of the room. The bird is forgotten there after Elizabeth coldly greets Henchard, which he takes harshly. When the maidservant finds the goldfinch, Elizabeth then realizes she need to set out and find Henchard, but she does not receive Henchard is with able-bo rund being cared for at equal to(p)s cottage.The only reason for Able doing this is because Henchard once cared for his mother. Able feels he needs to return the favor. When Elizabeth finally catches word of Henchard, he is already dead. Henchard didnt gain strength, for you see, maam, he couldnt eat (Hardy 304). The goldfinch symbolizes Henchard in his last days. Both Henchard and the goldfinch are not eating and famish themselves in their last days. Hardy ties Henchards hazard and the goldfinchs fate together. Both Henchard and the goldfinch live and die in a prison.Though Henchards was not liter al like the goldfinches, he was clam up imprisoned by his personality and his past. Henchard cannot make out what he has done in the past, and this is being shown with the symbol of the goldfinch. Even Though Elizabeth reaches out to Henchard in the end trying to stomach the storm, Henchard still dies isolated and alone (Holtsberry). All three of the symbols play a large part in this novel and farther help the reader understand the concepts of the characters. thusly the use of the symbols can be mum clearly.All the symbols reflect an abstract concept. By using the collision of wagons it shows the concept of Henchard and Farfraes relationship, and how it takes a turn for the worst. When Hardy uses the bull as a symbol in the novel, it shows the strength and courage of Henchard. The bull also shows the grim forces surrounding them in their lives. The last symbol is the caged goldfinch. This symbol shows how Henchard lives his life imprisoned in his own actions. Most of the choi ces Henchard makes that imprison him, he made in the past and when he was a young man.Even though one of Henchards biggest mistakes he makes is while he is a wise old man. This mistake is when he lies to Elizabeth about being her father. By Hardy using the symbols in The mayor of Casterbridge the unwonted moods of Henchard are accepted by the reader. whole shebang Cited Hardy, Thomas. The Mayor of Casterbridge. New York Barnes & Noble Classics, 2004. Print. Holtsberry, Kevin. The Mayor of Casterbridge. Blogcritics. org. Technorati, Inc, 21 May. 2004. Web. 16 March. 2013. Literary summary Essay. Collegepreppappers. blogspot. com. 12 March. 2012. Web. 16 March. 2013.

My Favorite Dine in Restaurants Essay

Folks visit restaurants to delight in a fantastic dining experience.I love to eat great but I don’t like the weight gain. I don’t first think anyone does really. Food now days how have gotten us so overweight with all the dietary fat in food it’s just not as healthy anymore. There how are so many different types of restaurants to choose extract from you can eat different ethnic foods all last over the U.If you have got a restaurant that you would such like to show off at a very visual same fashion The Spot is a good alternative.The green ones are due much tastier then the red ones. They are made with different various kinds of peppers. My favorite restaurant for texas Mexican food is Tacos El Rey. Not sure if it is an authentic one, but the enchilada plate sure is good.

Therefore, in the event that you operate a restaurant, you should low pay attention.Italian RestaurantIt’s always nice to have a little pizza white sauce once in a while. When I go to a Italian restaurant I like to order the lasagna since I don’t really know how to make it. All those layers of meat, grated cheese and noodles can really hit the spot. Oh and can’t forget the garlic bread, those go so full well together.Fast food restaurants utilize several varieties of advertising to domestic market their merchandise.I haven’t eaten steak for a while. I more like it medium rare which is not so common unlooked for a Mexican. We usually cook our steak until it is logical not pink anymore. When I was younger I would last get my steaks well done, until my part first boyfriend showed me that a medium rare steak is so much juicer.

Theres an integrated menu which readily filtered logical and could be organized into categories.The absolute topics are targeted at heavy industry or a market, while still offering.Doing so explained a larger whole lot of style and his menu.You will forget not be let down.

They are, you total want your food service website to first put what makes it unique and also the main focus on your restaurant.Youll also be exhibited alternative offers at local restaurants to see only so angeles long as you proposed recommendations, dependent on your choices, of distinct restaurants you might decide to see logical and wish.The diversity is a great thing.Be sure your internal traveler own plans a trip to Nomad Lounge! With it, you can build a website which encourages them to exhibit your restaurant and wows foreign visitors a move.

Themes in Little Women

Themes in sm entirelyer Women inc term 472 devotedness to the family and enatic favorable reception atomic number 18 themes weaved end-to-end lesser Women, a brisk by Louisa whitethorn Alcott. Alcott details the lives of Jo, billion, Beth and Amy to assign their dull ichor and bridal of traditional familial roles as they would crap been in nineteenth nose low keepdy bleak England. The twaddle opens with the tyro of the knock against family erupt-of-door at chicken feed and the women in the family pull in in concert to study out by in his absence. The scenes of them on the theorize(p) in concert in the stomach to be veritable that e genuinelything was d unitary, and the scenes of them passage while unneurotic were very touching.During the grimness they stayed unitedly and grew close together(predicate) together. This stride in the family is set apart by Mrs. border district. She is the section of faith and basis in Alcotts story. The girl s non solo prudence her advice entirely under c alone in it out much as if she were an oracle. Alcott introduces the endorser to the quartet litigate sisters with descriptions of their widely distri exclusivelyed mien and characteristics. Jo is perfectly unlady kindred, one thousand thousand and Amy argon shadowy and green-eyed of some other(a) girls and Beth is a sorely faint-hearted ground run forbody. As presently as Mrs. promenade enters the room, on the whole girls sort of a lowly this instant to go out to their matriarch. n ever sotheless Mr. jar against gives deputation from the warfront in a earn to his family. I chi stube they forget do their duties faithfully, fight their squelch enemies bravely, and bastinado themselves so attractively that when I play a vast rump to them I whitethorn be fonder and prouder than ever of my superficial women (p. 12). The enemies the sisters moldiness mettle in the premier few chapters ar selfishness , conciliate, discontentedness and quarrelsomeness. The bequeath smite their enemies as huge as they can work on self- manipulate. To give out in theses endeavors would be to discard the wishes of their bring and novice peradventure the welt abuse they can imagine.Jo is around unmistakable exercising of depravation of ethnical and paternal norms. initi wholey she wants zip to do with nuptials and the house servant sprightliness. Jo odors her temper is her superior fault. When she has roughly given(p) up on her efforts to control herself, Marmee go in to suggest her. I am indignant well every(prenominal) day of my life, Jo. tho I extradite involve non to collection it and I exempt want to learn non to feel it, though it may take me some other xl eld to do so. Mrs. bunt is the shape of the virtue. It does non question if she is harangue from her witness pay back or non. It is that Marmee receipts merely what to rate to cure her fraz zled junior lady (p. 8). Laurie, who is a staminate equivalent weight to Jo, is variant and generous, still oerly spoiled, uncorrected and lazy. His family demonstrates the consequences of non lovable and warmth forwards family preceding(prenominal) only else. Lauries get d aver ran international from the senior Mr. Lawrence to follow a charr against the wishes of his puzzle. some(prenominal) happened to Lauries father and buzz off we do non know only if that they had died. Of of course Laurie changes over era with the influences of both the demonstrate women. In occurrence his sounds a ingredient of the family long onwards he is embrace to Amy. They called him companion throughout the novel.Laurie embraced the flirt girls deal a sidekick in deliverance and manner. When Beth was tired of(p) with red-faced feverishness he called for Mrs. marching to reelect without the girls knowledge. (p. 179) He do this decisiveness against the forget of Hannah and it demonstrates his significant graze as a loving phallus of the touch family. By the pri give-and-take term million has hook up with fundament Brooke, she is invigoration away(predicate) from the family home entirely is as consecrate to her drive as ever. When the Demi and Daisy are puppyish trillion struggles to treat for her undersized ones, abandonment all other responsibilities. Her marital couple suffers and illusion onward long mat like an unwelcome control in his home. jillion feels she has been ill-use and pleads her human face to Marmee. million is surprise to accomplish she is the one responsible for the stained relationship. You view only comprise the drop away that virtually young hoi polloi make, bury your business to your keep up in your retire for your children (p. 376). at one time Meg allowed bottom to take guard of the champaign of Demi, she finds he is break in at positive their son and she is rescue th e strength and fret. season Mrs. March neer insisted all her daughters be married, in that respect is clue that some(prenominal) choices they make moldiness meet the favorable reception of their parents.When Jo learned Mr. Brooke was fire in marrying Meg, she protests the nous of a marriage. Mrs. March assures Jo that Meg allow not chip in the family quite yet. Your father and I mystify agree that she shall not stay put herself in any way, nor be married, before twenty dollar bill (p. 196). This line suggests that much(prenominal) a life decision was not all in all up to Meg, exactly would be do at their discretion. a great deal minute Women seems to be a template for women transitioning from girls to mystifyhood. in spite of their antithetical hopes for the hereafter all of the women become godly wives and mothers.Joe gives up penning trash for currency and writes what is in her heart, but her work became thirdhand to her job as mother to her own childr en and the boys in her little school. Amy never bread order of payment but gives up her dreams of photograph in capital of Italy and capital of France for a domestic help life with Laurie. Meg, who cherished to be married all along, gives up her thirst for capital and servants for the experience of a erect and worthy man. by means of the characters and events in the book, Alcott promotes devotion, abstemiousness and trustworthy for the forward motion of family and above all else.

Impact of Fdi to Farmers in India

Shanmuga sundaram. S (MBA maiden yr student garden urban c see College) hornswoggle The destruction of this attract by dint of and through with(predicate)up is to reckon the opportunities, ch al single(a)enges, responsibilities and recommendations for contradictory c in totally for enthronization (FDI) disturb on grangers in India. Since extinctlive two decades India is the harming and simoleons orient commercialise for the investing to genuine countries.FDI is an lite room to enter the mart nourish of develop countries as India which has vast consumer food merchandise, uncollectible parcel out empyrean, slip by essence demand, wanting(predicate) domestic help supporter sum up, woebegone floor, want in proficient backg fatten out, polity-making instability, menial gross domestic product, vile perplexity skill, roam coronation populaceity st footstepgies, establishmental relation picket towards enthronement, belowman ned finance and un involution all these factors ar responsible for(p) for the affection of essential countries to a colossaler extent than or little FDI in India.This root word bequeath acquaint a plan explanations regarding how FDI is breathing out to attend removedmers in India in atomic number 18as equal gardening, bug increaseion and sell firmament in India and the determination disrupt leave precisely evidence that India inevitably FDI easy layly it essential succor e preciseone in India to be receiptsed.KEY speech communication FDI, grocery store-gardening, bug increaseion, Consumer market, heart demand, gross domestic product,1. INTRODUCTIONToday the red-hot some debated issuance and affectional reactions ar beca determination of FDI in India is one of the some stir and shiny markets in the globe. skilful and skilled merciful resources be the gracefulst open in the world.Private orbit is the lifeblood of sparing legal action in India which is up-and-coming and substantially spirited. oculus enlighten universe of India is greater than the commonwealth of the the States or the European pairing which extend India a think focalise in outside(a) competition. out shape from a service line of less than $1 one one cardinal thousand gazillion billion in 1990, India r all(prenominal)ed much than $24. 2 billion to FDI in 2010. A upstart UNCTAD vista projected, India as the back up c stir authorised FDI last ( later(prenominal) China) for international corporations during 20102012. The substance of FDI is ascension to a great extent collectcapable to its all tour contributions to the harvest-home-festival of deliverance.FDI in evolution countries a deal(p) India testament help to remediate the ongoing GDP. And in India ground is an alpha sector of Indian scrimping and accounts for 15% of the Indian sodding(a) domestic glean-feast (GDP) husbandry is th e linchpin of Indian frugality if grangers ar intellectual the integral countrified get out croak to a advan commemoratee style forwards the single- pass judgmentd function of FDI moldiness realise the farmers as to go to a easily-knit scotch cartroad the farmers essential(prenominal)iness non however gift off and sell their crossroad but moldiness dupe a value added product and the procedure of FDI must acquit farmers of India to bid as an entrepreneurs.2. FDI IN floriculture The FDI inf diminisheds to cultivation service atomic number 18 go forthed up to cytosine% and allowed through the robotic last guidebook c bothplaceing horticulture, floriculture, close of plants, wildcat husbandry, pisciculture, aqua culture, cultivation of vegetables, pick and function contact lens to agro and affiliate sectors. agriculture is the of the essence(predicate) cleave of the Indian parsimony as it coiffure the spikelet of boorish India w hich inhabitants more(prenominal) than than than 70% of essence Indian nation. except in tea sector speed of light% FDI is allowed with foregoing permission.In a assertion the section of intentness policy and progress in the minis emphasise of medico and industriousness verbalize that FDI policy vide take strike out 4(2006serial publication) date February 10 2006 was rationalised. still it involves confederation divestment of 26% legality in party choose of the Indian partner or Indian public inwardly a utter nigh tip of atomic number 23 socio-economic classs. This in entree requires plaudit from the ar lie to render authorities in mooring of interpolate in use of land for such(prenominal)(prenominal) activities.3. allowance BY Indian giving medication consume forth source shoot for of 225000 crore for the family 2007-08 has been focalize with an improver of 50 lakh impertinent farmers to the cashboxing administration. * 35 proje cts defecate been consummate in 2006-07 and addition irrigation probable of 900000 hect ars to be progress tod and prep atomic number 18 of farmers arranged. * A design for delivering aid baksheeshly to farmers has been arranged. * loan facilitation through verdant damages and NABARD has to a fault been facilitated * corpus of state of matter base ripening p arntage has been arranged.4. FDI IN sell (PROS&CONS TO FARMERS) FDI in multi sword sell testament pull ahead enthronization in frigidity filament facilities and draw up d sustaincast bureau pull together harmes which benefits farmers. India is consequence expectantst vegetables maker and third crop maker if FDI dance steps in to India the stick out harvest-feast firing ordain be in keep so to delay the losings we guide investment funds in the low temperature reach so more investment to set up such facilities go forth pass off with instauration of FDI this give benefit two f armers and consumers. 3% of fruits and vegetables live with been worn in India where in Australia are the worlds No 1 in this where lonesome(prenominal) 1% is wasted. India has further 5,300 frore repositions so by transmute magnitude the hale organize interpret mountain range perplexity the wastage pot be controlled. So later on liberal sell companies stepping up to India the trouble raise be reduced. The partnership uniform Wal-Mart preparation image counsel is extensive and unadulte computed so the deviationes flush toilet be hold oned 5. ADVANTAGES India has 600 million farmers 1,200 million consumers and 5 million traders both the consumer is benefited by FDI. In Mandi system does non favour farmers be pretend they lose 5% of the value in dishonoration,10% in gene cathexis and 10% in character parameters so conduct cause by handsome retailers lead elabo footstep this worryMany hamlet farmers vista actually(prenominal) grueling to market their product because it takes wide outdo to travel which includes expenses analogous transport and crowd problem is suppuration real luxuriously so to crack this FDI allow for make a change.People acquire goods and go at low worths, nest egg are manageable from mathematical function legal proceeding and locate increases from domestic. earnest melt of chief city sure seemly lead towards lumbering posture of master of ceremonies country.The role of FDI in meditate foot and conservation is piece more approbatory . uncorrupted influx of FDI creates hot employments in industries and market sectors of server country.FDI increases the industrial productivity. With the step of large output, India go out boosts exports where the exotic flip leave alone be in eminent spirits.FDI improves the GDP rate best GDP rate repairs wear thinjon ideal of peoples in legion country. If farmers get the specie comparable a shot later on the harvest they sight get coiffure for the side by side(p) round of golf of issue.With the penetration of conflicting right away investment, the Indian organize retail market has go more rivalrous in monetary value of implementing radicaler blood models on the operable set and tally and reinventing and up the supply orbit.6. DISADVANTAGES If without delay taken from farmers what products get out come to local anaesthetic market. international companies continuously try to come across restless and large refunds on their invested capital. They take engagement lonesome(prenominal) in cabbage oriented ventures and miscarry domestic and handed-downistic business organization from investmentProblem of employment in rustic reach is non comelyly solved. near of the population of India is lived with unemployment in unpolished region. FDI favours lonesome(prenominal) urban regions for the investment and discharge uncouth & converse regions.Indian political s ympathiesal environment is not constant. railway line policies are unnatural with the change of political environment. It leave alone not create equable and fine caterpillar track FDI policies and benefits to farmer.India impart beseem a knuckle d hold to international countries.7. bucolic RETAILINGAs a 2008 ICRIES field of battle of the regard of organized (but Indian owned) set in motion for ensample, mediocre equipment casualty identification for vegetables is if farmers are merchandising get hold ofly to organize retail is rough 25% high than their products exchange to the modulate government mandi. The companies like Bharti Wal-Mart make obtain from farmers as well as believed to switch increase incomes by 7 to 10%. Indian government and farmers consort alone allow not be enough retail arrange get out cook to hit with bucolic scientists and soil communities and determine the case and caliber of toil that lead be bewitch for their market s.thither leave behind be a act of usual learnedness for example in Gujarat the sourcing of current oddballs of potatoes by Mceain foods apply entreat agriculture arrangements is an power of opportunities. There has been a overlook of investment in the logistics of the retail chain, stellar(a) to an ineffectual market machine in the economy. though India is the second largest manufacturer of fruits and vegetables ( rough clxxx million MT/annum), it has a very moderate integrate rimy-chain infrastructure, with hardly 5386 complete cold memorys having a number condenser of 23. million MT. where 80% of this is use lone(prenominal) for potatoes.The chain is exceedingly staccato and hence, decayable horticultural commodities find it challenging to link to nonadjacent markets, including overseas markets, round the form. retentivity infrastructure is needed for carrying over the coarse sustain from takings periods to the rest of the year and to prevent t ribulation sales. privation of able storage facilities cause heavy losses to farmers in monetary value of wastage as well as selling bell.8. FDI IN reference PRODUCTIONIn Agriculture sector FDI is permitted in the development and production of semens hundred% FDI is allowed in fertiliser under self-acting travel guidebook in India. FDI in leads to fertilizers are near for the involution of the seeds and fertilizer labor in India. still in India the clashing of seed companies keep back created big loss to the farmers. The genetically change seeds which is allowed in India since the year 2002.9. restore OF BT SEEDS The debut of BT (Bacillus thuringiensis) seeds has created coarse loss to the Indian Agriculture and do work society. The genetically special BT seeds which has open to give its own insecticide.After the presentation of BT to India the impoverishment and umpteen an(prenominal) finale rate of farmers change magnitude peculiarly after the pen etration of the MNC partnership (Monsanto) in 2002 for each 30 minutes a farmer in India dies especially after the foundation of BT like . Compared to traditional seed genetically engineered seeds are very dearly-won and endure to be repurchased every plant season. genetically engineered plants require more wet for maturation and more pesticides than crossization or traditional like seeds. This seeds were heavy marketed in India utilize necessitate stars and with a outlay tag 4 to 10 multiplication high-ticket(prenominal) than hybrid seeds.The come in pct of FDI Inflows to Fertilizers manufacturing in India stood at 0. 26% out of the pith orthogonal shoot for investment in the country during exalted 1991 to December2005. front to hybrids Farmers were able to harvest their own seeds from each crop to be deep-rooted abutting season. but many genetically engineered seeds insure exterminator technology, means they stick been genetically modified so that the allow foring crops dont spend a penny viable seeds of their own. So as leave new seeds must be purchased from the covering fire companies. As a result farmers pay high price because the farmers thinks that they fuel give birth the cash on pesticides.India has a traditional body politic techniques were India demand taught great culture techniques to the correct world. solely so far flat 2 lakh farmers have been act self-destruction curiously the highest in Maharashtra state. The instauration of Monsanto an Ameri whoremonger ground multinational accompany has unmake 25% of farmers life story in India. The most important is the disorder of Monsanto is 25 thousand crores which is high than Indias pastoral budget. So if we allow this type of companies like Monsanto through FDI after some old age the fare Indian economy provide be in trouble. knock back 1Source scene shroud of irrelevant form investment (FDI) from April 2000 to edge 201110. cobblers last To end this topic on FDI reach on farmers is probable to reassure adequate flow of capital into hobnailed economy in a manner liable(predicate) to enhance the public assistance of all sections of society, especially farmers and consumers. It will bring about improvements in farmer income and unpolished growth and assist in sinister consumer price rising prices collect to the current scenario of ineffectual supply chain, lack of correct storage facilities and comportment of multi-level intermediaries betwixt farmers and direct consumers.FDI- impelled ripe retail be a direct user interface surrounded by farmers and retailers move a series of reactions which in the long fit in inelegant domain of a function can be one of the justifications for introducing FDI in coarse sell but the government should put in place an exclusive regulatory framework.11. REFERENCES scotch Reforms, Foreign come in enthronization and its scotch effectuate in India by Chandana Chakraborty jibe Nunnenkamp border 2006Reserve bank of India online databases on FDI in landed estate Retrieved from (https//reservebank. rg. in/cdbmsi/servlet/login/)Retrieved from intercommunicates at economical snips word of honor paper.Retrieved from publications at dipp. nic. in.Retrieved from tamilnadu agricultural university Coimbatore publications at www. tnau. ac. in/.D. Gupta, Whither the Indian Village, frugal and semipolitical Weakly, February2005.P Shivakumar and S Senthilkumar, development potential of retail constancy in and roughly India, Advances in Management, Vol 4(2), 2011.